When and why do I need an MRI brain scan?

What is an MRI Brain Scan?

An MRI scan utilises magnets and radio waves to generate detailed medical images without radiation. It uses a strong magnet to realign hydrogen atoms that naturally exist in a person’s body. Small bursts of radiofrequency energy are sent to the body, and a computer measures the return signals. This data is used to create images of your body. Unlike X-rays and CT scans, it’s painless, non-invasive, and has no known side effects. It’s beneficial for imaging the nervous system and soft tissues, including the heart and brain.

 

A brain MRI scan generates clear images of the structures within the head (e.g., brain, blood vessels, eyes, inner ear, etc). These images assist healthcare providers in evaluating, diagnosing, and monitoring various medical conditions affecting the brain or other structures in the head. MRI is often considered one of the most sensitive imaging tests for the head, particularly the brain, when compared to other techniques such as CT scans or X-rays.

When and Why Would a Doctor Suggest a Brain MRI?

The necessity of an MRI brain scan may vary for each patient. Before making a diagnosis, doctors will determine whether an MRI brain scan is necessary to identify the causes of sudden or chronic symptoms. In urgent cases requiring emergency treatment, MRI results can assist doctors in swiftly confirming and diagnosing a patient’s condition. On a case-by-case basis, an MRI may be recommended when a patient exhibits symptoms that could be related to brain-related conditions:

 

  • Migraines and/or persistent headaches
  • Seizures
  • Frequent episodes of severe dizziness or vertigo
  • Unexplained hearing loss
  • Vision problems not clarified by an eye exam
  • Noticeable alterations in thinking and behaviour
  • Severe weakness and fatigue

Based on the MRI images produced, this diagnostic tool helps identify conditions such as:

 

  • Stroke 
  • Brain damage or bleeding from traumatic injury
  • Brain tumours
  • Causes of epilepsy (seizure)
  • Brain volume loss or signal changes in brain tissue that are associated with ageing
  • Loss of body movement control (also known as ataxia)
  • Infections

 

Furthermore, doctors may utilise brain and head MRI scans before head surgeries to enhance surgical planning and monitor postoperative healing progress.

What Can Be Expected During An MRI Brain Scan?

Before the Procedure

 

Preparation for an MRI scan may vary depending on the purpose of the procedure, so it is advisable to consult with the relevant healthcare providers beforehand. In some instances, a patient may need to adhere to eating and drinking restrictions before the scan. Additionally, healthcare providers must be aware of a patient’s:

 

  1. Ongoing medications 
  2. Pregnancy
  3. Claustrophobia
  4. Metal implants in the body (e.g., pacemakers, cochlear implants, prostheses, etc) could be affected by the strong magnetic field.

A patient undergoing an MRI scan.

During The Procedure

 

Right before the procedure, patients are expected to remove all jewellery and accessories (including body piercings) and change into a hospital gown. The technologist will help patients onto the movable exam table. Depending on the doctor’s order, a contrast material injection may be administered.

 

During the procedure, the patient is expected to remain still to ensure that the images produced are clear and accurate. Moreover, a patient can expect to hear loud humming and thumping noises from the machine. Typically, patients will be guided on how to communicate with or alert the medical staff as necessary during an examination.

 

After The Procedure

 

Usually, patients are allowed to return to their normal activities after an MRI scan unless their healthcare providers deem otherwise. The scan’s results are generally ready within one or two days and shared with the patient’s primary doctor.

What are Some Side Effects of a Brain MRI?

There are typically no significant side effects reported after an MRI scan; however, individual experiences may vary. Sometimes, an IV injection containing contrast material may be administered to enhance MRI images. This injection can cause discomfort, bruising, and a small risk of skin irritation at the injection site. Additionally, some patients may experience a temporary metallic taste in their mouth after the contrast injection. In rare instances, patients may also experience nausea, headache, and pain at the injection site.

How do I book an MRI Brain Scan?

When considering whether you need an MRI brain scan, it’s advisable to consult with a doctor first. If you’re experiencing symptoms related to the head that may require medical attention, it’s recommended to schedule an appointment with a Neuro and Spine Surgeon at Advanced Brain and Spine Surgical Centre for a thorough evaluation and diagnosis. The specialist can determine if a brain MRI is necessary after this evaluation.

Frequently Asked Questions

The cost of a brain scan can vary among institutions, starting from SGD $1,000 to $2,500. Before undergoing the procedure, it’s important for patients to consult their doctors regarding available funding options or subsidies.

The duration of an MRI of the brain can vary from patient to patient, ranging from 15 to 90 minutes. Throughout this period, a series of images will be captured, requiring patients to remain still during each imaging sequence.

MRI brain scans are generally safe in Singapore, with minimal reported side effects. However, it remains essential for patients to consult with their doctors in advance and disclose any relevant conditions that may affect the procedure, such as medication use, claustrophobia, or pregnancy.

An MRI scan tends to be a safer and non-invasive alternative to CT scans or X-rays for the diagnosis of brain-related conditions.

References

  1. Cleveland Clinic. (2022). Brain MRI: What it is, purpose, procedure & results. Retrieved from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/22966-brain-mri
  2. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) & American College of Radiology (ACR). (n.d.). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) – head. RadiologyInfo.org. https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/mri-brain